Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund

Democratic Republic of Congo – Floods

March 2024

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 15,000 people for up to 4 months in response to the floods. The operation will focus on providing emergency water, sanitation, hygiene services as well as protection assistance. 

Philippines – Floods

Febuary 2024

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Oxfam in providing immediate assistance to approximately 20,000 people for up to 6 months in response to the floods. The operation will focus on providing emergency water, sanitation, hygiene services as well as the distribution of multipurpose cash and non-food items.   

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition.

Dominican Republic – Floods

December 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support World Vision in providing immediate assistance to approximately 30,000 people for up to 6 months in response to the floods. The operation will focus on providing emergency water, sanitation, hygiene services as well as the distribution of multipurpose cash.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition

Kenya – Floods

December 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $ 350,000 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 10,000 people for up to 6 months in response to the floods. The operation will focus on providing emergency water, sanitation, hygiene services, protection, shelter as well as the distribution of non-food items.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition

Philippines – Earthquake

December 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 20,000 people for up to 6 months in response to an earthquake. The operation will focus on providing emergency shelter, water, sanitation, hygiene, protection services as well as the distribution of multipurpose cash.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Ethiopia – Floods

December 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 20,000 people for up to 6 months in response to sever flooding. The operation will focus on the provision of emergency water, sanitation, and hygiene services, protection assistance and multipurpose cash distributions.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Ethiopia – Floods

December 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support World Vision in providing immediate assistance to approximately 20,000 people for up to 6 months in response to sever flooding. The operation will focus on the provision of emergency water, sanitation, and hygiene services, healthcare and the distribution of non-food items and multipurpose cash.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Haiti – Floods and earthquake   

June 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Canadian Lutheran World Relief in providing immediate assistance to approximately 8,600 people for 6 months in response to floods and an earthquake. The operation will focus on the provision of shelter and essential relief items.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Philippines – Super Typhoon Doksuri

August 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 20,000 people for 6 months in response to Super Typhoon Doksuri, locally named Egay. The operation will focus on the provision of emergency shelter, cash assistance, protection and basic water, sanitation and hygiene services for vulnerable families most affected by this disaster.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Myanmar – Tropical Cyclone Mocha

May 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $703,859 has been made to support CARE Canada and Oxfam Canada to provide immediate assistance to approximately 41,672 people for 6 months in response to Tropical Cyclone Mocha. The operation will focus on immediate shelter relief, provision of non-food items such as hygiene, water purification and dignity kits, as well as repair of sanitation facilities.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Democratic Republic of Congo – Floods

May 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support World Vision in providing immediate assistance to approximately 15,000 people for 4 months in response to floods in Democratic Republic of Congo. The operation will focus on emergency water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and protection services.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Chad – Population Movement

May 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Canadian Lutheran World Relief in providing immediate assistance to approximately 11,717 people for 5 months in response to population movements resulting from armed conflict in Sudan. The operation will focus on provision of emergency shelter, non-food items, and water, sanitation and hygiene assistance.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Peru – Floods

April 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Plan International in providing immediate assistance to approximately 10,000 people for 6 months in response to floods, heavy rains and landslides. The operation will focus on provision of emergency shelter, non-food items, protection and water, sanitation and hygiene assistance.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Vanuatu – Tropical Cyclones

March 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $330,556 has been made to support World Vision in providing immediate assistance to approximately 4,000 people for 6 months in response to Tropical Cyclones Judy and Kevin. The operation will focus on providing emergency shelter, non-food items, psychosocial support, as well as water, sanitation and hygiene services to crisis-affected populations in Vanuatu, including women, children and people living with disabilities.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Malawi – Tropical Cyclone Relief

March 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 8,890 people for 4 months in response to Tropical Cyclone Freddy in Malawi. The operation will focus on the provision of emergency multipurpose cash assistance and hygiene kits to crisis affected populations. 

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Malawi – Tropical Cyclone Freddy

March 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 20,314 people for 5 months in response to Tropical Cyclone Freddy. The operation will focus on provision of WASH kits, hygiene promotion sessions, training on water treatment, procurement and distribution of shelter kits, coordination of protection activities.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Mozambique – Tropical Cyclone Freddy

March 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $330,556 has been made to support World Vision Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 7,500 people for 4 months in response to Tropical Cyclone Freddy. The operation will focus on provision of safe water, sanitation and hygiene facilities, enhancement of security in settlements and improvement of shelters, prevention of violence, exploitation and abuse of children and women.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Mozambique – Tropical Cyclone Freddy

March 2023

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Plan International Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 8,000 people for 5 months in response to Tropical Cyclone Freddy. The operation will focus on provision of safe water, sanitation and hygiene facilities, conduct child protection activities.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Central African Republic – Flooding

September 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $279,852 has been made to support Oxfam-Québec in providing immediate assistance to approximately 17,000 people for 4 months in response to severe flooding. The operation will focus on providing water, sanitation and hygiene services as well as protection for those most affected by the flooding.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Bangladesh – Flooding

May 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 18,000 people for 4 months in response to severe flash flooding. The operation will focus on providing water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, shelter rehabilitation and multipurpose cash for those most affected by the flooding.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Bangladesh – Flooding

May 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 28,000 people for 4 months in response to flash flooding in in North East Bangladesh. The operation will focus on providing shelter rehabilitation, distributing multipurpose cash grants, and delivering hygiene kits and hygiene sessions for those most affected by the flooding.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Philippines –Tropical Storm Agaton/Megi

April 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $283,025 has been made to support Oxfam-Québec in providing immediate assistance to approximately 17,000 people for 4 months in response to severe flooding. The operation will focus on providing water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services as well as protection for those most affected by the flooding.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Malawi – Tropical Storm Ana

February 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support World Vision in providing immediate assistance to approximately 8,000 people for 4 months in response to Tropical Storm Ana. The operation will focus on providing water, sanitation, hygiene, shelter, non-food items and protection to crisis affected populations.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Tonga – Volcanic Eruption

October 2021

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $263,500 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 15,000 people for 6 months in response to Tonga’s volcanic eruption and tsunami. The operation will focus on providing water, sanitation and hygiene services, agricultural assistance and protection for those most affected by the crisis.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Pakistan – Earthquake

October 2021

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $340,000 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 13,000 people for 6 months in response to the Harnai Earthquake in Balochistan. The operation will focus on providing water, sanitation and hygiene services, shelter, and cash-programming for families most affected by the earthquake.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Indonesia – Earthquake

December 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $330,556 has been made to support World Vision in providing immediate assistance to approximately 10,000 people for 4 months in response to an earthquake. The operation will focus on the provision of shelter assistance, nutrition support and water, sanitation and hygiene services.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Philippines – Severe Tropical Storm

November 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Plan Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 8,000 people for 6 months in response to the Severe Tropical Storm Nalgae (Paeng). The operation will focus on the provision of emergency cash assistance to respond to food, emergency shelter and livelihoods needs of populations most affected by the storm.

Philippines – Typhoon Noru

November 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $343,272 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 21,100 people for 6 months in response to Typhoon Noru. The operation will focus on the provision of multi-purpose cash transfers, water, sanitation and hygiene services and, psychosocial support to vulnerable populations affected by Typhoon Noru.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Cuba – Hurricane Ian

October 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 2,010 people for 6 months in response to Hurricane Ian. The operation will focus on the provision of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, emergency non-food items, and protection services.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Chad – Floods

September 2022

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund, an allocation of $269,730 has been made to support Oxfam Quebec in providing immediate assistance to approximately 3,000 people for 4 months following heavy rains and flooding. The operation will focus on the provision of unconditional cash assistance, the distribution of essential household items and materials for the repair of destroyed shelters, awareness-raising sessions on good hygiene practices and the repair of destroyed latrines.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Malawi – Tropical Storm Ana

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Plan International Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 8,000 people for 4 months in response to the impact of Tropical Storm Ana. The operation will focus on providing access to safe water and sanitation, shelter, and protection services to households affected by the storm.

Philippines – Response to Typhoon Rai

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $700,000 has been made to support Oxfam Canada and Plan International Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 30,250 people for 6 months in response to Typhoon Rai. The medium-sized operation will focus on the provision of multi-purpose cash assistance, protection support and water, sanitation and hygiene services.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Democratic Republic of Congo – Volcano Eruption

June 2021

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Oxfam Quebec in providing immediate assistance to approximately 30,000 people for 3 months in response to the Nyiragongo Volcano Eruption Emergency WASH Response. The operation will focus on the provision of WASH activities, including water treatment, construction of gender sensitive latrines, distributions of NFIs, and hygiene kits.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Timor-Leste – Tropical Cyclone Relief

April 2021

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $251,483 has been made to support World Vision Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 5000 people for 5 months in response to Tropical Cyclone Seroja. The operation will focus on provision of non-food items like maternity kits, clean-up kits, and basic household items, as well as by equipping and operating 10 child-friendly spaces in evacuation centres in order to address flood relief and clean-up.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to: Humanitarian Coalition website.

Mozambique – Tropical Cyclone Eloise

February 2021

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 11,500 people for six months in response to Tropical Cyclone Eloise. The operation will focus on ensuring access to safe water and proper sanitation facilities or services for households displaced or affected by the cyclone.

Cambodia – Floods

October 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $267,920 has been made to support World Vision Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 45,000 people for six months in response to flooding in the Cambodian provinces of Banteay Meanchey and Battambang. The operation will focus on the provision of water, sanitation and hygiene services, and cash assistance.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Mali – Displaced populations

October 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $70,000 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 6,000 people for six months in response to the needs of displaced populations in Mali. The operation will focus on improving access to safe water, as well as hygiene and health promotion activities.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Vietnam – Floods

October 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), a total allocation of $555,300 has been made to support CARE Canada and Oxfam-Québec in providing immediate assistance to approximately 32,000 people for up to six months in response to flooding in Ha Tinh and Quang Tri, Vietnam. The operation will focus on improving access to food security, shelter and water, sanitation and hygiene services.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Sudan – Floods

September 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 25,000 people for 6 months in response to flooding in West Kordofan, Sudan. The operation will focus on providing emergency shelter, core relief items and improving water, sanitation, and hygiene among flood-affected households.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

El Salvador – Tropical Storm Amanda and Tropical Depression Cristobal

June 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support PLAN International in providing immediate assistance to approximately 6,000 people for four months in response to Tropical Storms Amanda and Cristobal. The operation will focus on the provision of health kits, safe drinking water, basic household items, as well as kitchen and shelter kits to support up to 1,220 vulnerable and crisis-affected families.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Uganda – Floods

May 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $299,000 has been made to support Save the Children Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 8,000 people for five months in response to flooding caused by intense seasonal rains. The operation will focus on increasing access to safe water and sanitation amongst affected populations to prevent the spread of disease.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Vanuatu – Tropical Cyclone Harold

April 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $212,500 has been made to support World Vision in providing immediate assistance to approximately 6,035 people for six months in response to Tropical Cyclone Harold. The operation will focus on the provision of emergency water, sanitation and hygiene services, health supplies, and logistical support in order to address the humanitarian impacts of the cyclone.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Pakistan – Cold Weather and Heavy Snowfall

February 2020

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $350,000 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 44,400 people for four months in response to heavy snowfall in Balochistan province. The operation will focus on the provision of multipurpose cash grants, hygiene supplies, and lifesaving medicine to those affected by the disaster.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Philippines – Typhoon Kammuri

December 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $306,850 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 7,750 people for four months in response to Typhoon Kammuri. The operation will focus on the provision of emergency multi-purpose cash assistance as well as water and sanitation services, and hygiene kits.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Philippines – Earthquakes

November 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support Plan International Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 15,000 people for four months in response to Cotabato Earthquakes. The operation will focus on the provision of multi-purpose cash and water, sanitation and hygiene services.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Ghana – Floods

October 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $255,000 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 6,000 people for 5 months in response to the recent floods in the Upper East region of Ghana. The operation will focus on the distribution of cash and hygiene and dignity kits to vulnerable households affected by the floods, as well as on community sensitization on appropriate hygiene and sanitation practices.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Mali – Floods

September 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 7,260 people for 5 months in response to the recent floods in Mali. The operation will focus on the distribution of essential household items provision of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services to vulnerable people affected by floods in the region of Nara.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Bangladesh – Floods

July 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $299,000 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 10,800 people for 4 months in response to monsoon related flooding. The operation will focus on the provision of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services and livelihoods support.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

India – Cyclone Fani

May 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support Islamic Relief Canada in providing immediate assistance in India to approximately 9,900 people for 3 months in response to Cyclone Fani. The operation will focus on providing shelter and water, sanitation, and hygiene services.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Mozambique – Tropical Cyclone Kenneth

May 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $299,000 has been made to support Save the Children Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 40,000 people for four months in response to Tropical Cyclone Kenneth. The operation will focus on the provision of emergency shelter and water and sanitation assistance to address the immediate life-saving needs of people displaced or otherwise affected by Tropical Cyclone Kenneth.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Afghanistan – Floods

April 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $260,000 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 5,730 people for four months in response to severe flooding in Herat province, Afghanistan. The operation will focus on the provision of water, sanitation and hygiene services, multipurpose cash and protection services, including a gender-based violence response.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Malawi – Tropical Cyclone Idai

March 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support CARE Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 15,000 people for four months in response to Tropical Cyclone Idai in Malawi. The operation will provide safe water and sanitation and shelter to Malawians displaced or affected by the cyclone.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Malawi – Tropical Cyclone Idai

March 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support Plan Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 11,000 people for four months in response to Tropical Cyclone Idai in Malawi. The operation will provide safe water and sanitation and shelter to Malawians displaced or affected by the cyclone.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Humanitarian Coalition website.

Mozambique – Tropical Cyclone Idai

March 2019

Through the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund (CHAF), an allocation of $595,000 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 75,000 people for six months in response to Tropical Cyclone Idai in Mozambique. The operation will be delivered by COSACA, a decade-old consortium comprised of Oxfam, CARE, and Save the Children, leveraging each organization’s unique expertise and experience. Support to COSACA will provide safe water and sanitation, emergency shelter, and protection for Mozambicans displaced or affected by the cyclone.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, consult the Humanitarian Coalition.

Cuba – Tornado

February 2019

Through the CHAF, an allocation of $297,500 has been made to support Oxfam Canada in providing immediate assistance to approximately 3,400 people for 6 months in response to the tornado that struck Havana, Cuba. The operation will focus on the provision of shelter kits, water, sanitation and hygiene support.

For more details on this emergency operation supported by Canada, refer to the Canadian Humanitarian Assistance Fund website.